[1] 2412.04984v2.pdf
[2] 2505.18807v1.pdf
[3] 2506.04909v1.pdf
[4] 2506.21584v2.pdf
[5] 2507.12872v1.pdf
[6] 2508.14927v1.pdf
[7] 2509.15541v1.pdf
[8] 2509.20393v1.pdf



Scheming is defined as the covert pursuit of misaligned goals, where the AI hides its true objectives or capabilities[1 3 5 6]. For an AI system to scheme, it needs to exhibit goal-directedness, situational awareness, and scheming reasoning[5].